7. The principal feature of this horse is its unique gait. Shelbyville, Tennessee is also home to The Tennessee Walking Horse National Celebration. Tennessee Walking Horse History and Origins The breed originated in the Bluegrass region of Tennessee during the late 19 th century. In 1947, the studbook closed, meaning every registered horses dam and sire must be a Tennessee Walker. The horse doing a flat walk moves at 4 to 8 miles per hour. Horses travel anywhere from 10 to 20 miles per hour, with the more stride the better. The horse trigger jr successor of the original trigger horse was portrayed by a Tennesse walker horse named Allens Gold Zephyr. However, almost all of them have their comments and like/dislike buttons disabled, as people have become incredibly passionate about protecting these horses and speaking out whenever they spot abuse. Despite the breeds utility beginnings, it has evolved into an all round versatile horse that is truly capable of turning its hoof to anything. The Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders and Exhibitors' Association is the oldest organization devoted to the horse breed. Tennessee Walking Horses come in all colors and a variety of patterns. The croup is sloping and is curved in the hocks. The horse is known for its running walk and unique gait.. Tennessee Walking Horse The Tennessee Walking Horse originated during the 19th century in Tennessee. In 2000, the Tennessee Walking Horse was named the official state horse of Tennessee. The Tennessee Walking Horse has stamina with many horses working long after the age of 20. The Tennessee Walking horse is a hardy breed with few health problems and a long-life span that can reach up to 30 years. The Tennessee Walking Horse is a breed founded from mixing the Narragansett Pacer and Canadian Pacer horses with the gaited Spanish Mustangs back in the late 1700's. These horses were originally known as the "Tennessee Pacers". The Tennessee walker is multitalented and highly adaptable. Tennessee Walking horses, aka Tennessee Walkers, are friendly, docile horses with three types of gaits. Many other bloodlines have been added to make this horse a versatile one. Blue Ridge Mountain settlers wanted a horse that could work their farm but was also a comfortable ride under-saddle. This annual summer event in Shelbyville, Tennessee, is one of the largest horse shows in the world. This has helped to keep the breed true to its original purpose. They were initially known as the Tennessee pacers. The "Celebration," as the show is known, began in 1939 as a vision in the . People from Virginia and the Carolinas began expanding into the area in the 1700s and 1800s. The TWHBEA registers about 15,000 new foals per year. They took their horses with them because there was no other transportation. The horse has also been used for endurance events. It is found more in the south and southeast of the country. The horse requires a balanced diet with carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, and vitamins. Today, the Tennessee Walking horse excels in trail, sport/utility, pleasure and performance. In addition, the mascot Traveler of the University of Southern California has been a Tennessee Walker on many occasions. Tennessee Walkers, as they are commonly known, are generally black, chestnut, sorrel, bay, or champagne; Other colors patterns such as roan and pinto are common. 1939. Unlike some other gaited breeds that share their gaits, the running walk is unique to the Tennessee Walker and is in fact an inherited gait. also proposed new rules in 2016 to make stacking and using chains illegal, as well as imposing stricter inspection practices to ensure compliance. Tennessee Walking horses originated in Tennessee and is the third most common horse in Kentucky. The Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders & Exhibitors Association was formed in 1935, they currently have more than 20,000 members. WEIGHT. Tennessee Walkers are the official state horse of Tennessee. Walking Horses are gaited and known for their running walk, a considerably faster version of the four-beat walk. Originally bred in the Southern United Sates, this breed was meant for driving and farm work, but above all to be a comfortable and sure-footed riding horse. Horses being abused for showmanship is nothing new, and sadly, the Tennessee Walking Horse has had its fair share of mistreatment over the years. They have gentle natures and are very eager to please. Often wrongly thought of as nothing more than an elegant show horse, the Tennessee Walker, as it's also known, is so much more than just a gaited horse. In addition, he was also a stellar performer in the show ring. All horse breeds trace their roots to a few ancient ones, but in the case of the Tennessee Walker, its ancestors are relatively modern breeds with one exception. They have grown to become one of the most popular breeds in America and are a favorite among gaited enthusiasts. Even school children can ride on this horse, thanks to this temperament. A well-trained horse may cost upwards of $10,000. The Tennessee Walking Horse is a light breed that is known for its upright build and straight profile, which makes the animal appear quite noble. This article just lost credibility by including it. Kentucky Horse Park, 4089 Iron Works Pike, Lexington, KY 40511. The amendment would yield $750,000 in funding for the USDA's Office of . Back to the Tennessee Walking Horse, it traces its origins to Tennessee, USA, and it was created using a generous mix of other horse breeds, one of which is now extinct. The horse lives up to 30 years and is generally in good health. The back feet move up ahead of the path that has been left by the front feet.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'amazinghorsefacts_com-large-leaderboard-2','ezslot_10',632,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-amazinghorsefacts_com-large-leaderboard-2-0'); The overstride of the horse makes it look as though the horse is gliding. The Tennessee Walking Horse stud book was closed in 1947, meaning that from 1948 forward to be registered as a Tennessee Walking Horse, both parents must . Also take our fun horse movie trivia which features a couple of horses mentioned above! We believe our horses are friends, companions and partners. This horse weighs between 900 to 1,200 pounds, and it stands 14.3 to 17 hands tall. The Tennessee Walker was bred to be an all purpose horse. Silver, Long Rangers horse was portrayed by a Tennessee walker. Tennessee Walking Horses are generally good starting horses with all of the characteristics that make them an ideal choice for rookie riders: they're sure-footed, willing, have a smooth gait, and have a calm demeanor. These horses are usually found in the show ring and are also used on trails. They are trail horses and can use Western and English equipment. In total, it carries with it at least six important bloodlines. Walking Horses are gaited and known for their running walk, a considerably faster version of the four-beat walk. Close to 300,000 horses have been registered since the TWHBEA was formed. The event known as the Tennessee Walking Horse Celebration showcased through the magnificent gait of the walking horses themselves. The running walk is the breeds most notable gait. It was founded in 1935 in Tennessee. . In 2015, March 11, 2022 Tennessee Walking horses usually average around $2,000 per horse, but the cost can vary widely depending on how many breeders are in your area and overall demand. The Tennessee walking horse is a unique horse that was bred in the limestone pastures in Tennessee. A light horse breed founded in Middle Tennessee, this breed is a composition of Standardbred, Thoroughbred, Morgan, and American Saddlebred stock. This led to refined, smooth-gaited horses that became the foundation of the Tennessee Walking horse breed. Outside of film, the mascot of theUniversity of Southern California Trojans, namely Traveler, was showcased using a purebred Tennessee Walking Horse multiple times. Learn More. What does this mean for the breed? It is also used as a riding horse. How Tennessee Walking Horse Origin Can Ease Your Pain. The health condition of the horse also affects its price. This Big Lick style is achieved with the help of soring and other abusive practices that cause pain in the horses front legs. In 1886 the foundation sire of the Tennessee Walking Horse Breed, Black Allan, was born. The principal benefit offered by this horse is its smooth gait. Back in the day, plantation owners would ride them daily due to their gait, which makes for a comfortable and smooth experience. Each year, the breed enjoys 13,000 to 15,000 newly registered foals, and since 2005, more than 450,000 horses have been registered over the life of the TWHBEA. Another . Performance horses wear built-up, weighted shoes and riders generally favor saddleseat tack and attire to show off the exaggerated, animated gait sometimes called the Big Lick. This type of competition is controversial and came under scrutiny after the passage of the Horse Protection Act of 1970 which prohibited soring and other inhumane practices. Roan Allen, also known as Roan Allen F-38, became one of the most notable sires within the breed, producing over 400 offspring. " The Tennessee Walking Horse is flashy, smooth, and as Tennessean as a Moon Pie! The horse is known for its gentle behavior, making it a horse that is easily trainable. Sometimes called a Turn Row, due to the fact that these inspections were carried out row by row, the breed was also known as a Southern Plantation Horse in its early days. It is gentle in nature and amenable to training. I feel like I am too far forward on his neck bone. In 1935, the Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders and Exhibitors Association was formed in Lewisburg, Tenn., to record the pedigrees of the Tennessee Walking Horse. And they work just as well under either a Western or English style saddle. Taking its name from the southwestern state where it was first created the Tennessee Walking Horse is one of the most well-known of all gaited horses. Weight is generally between 900 - 1200 lb (410-550kg). Our training philosophy is based in Natural and Classical Horsemanship . It is a fast form of the flat walk. Farmers in the region were looking for a horse that could not only work in the fields, but that could also be ridden under saddle comfortably. The Narragansett was thought to be the first breed developed in America, but they are now extinct. If youre new to horses (whether it be riding or ownership), the Tennessee Walker is the perfect horse for you. Middle Tennessee is a large area with all types of terrain. They originated from the Canadian Pacer and the Narragansett Pacer breeds that were imported to Kentucky during the late 18 th century. The name change was done in order to reflect the associations interest in showing horses. Seven Advantages Of Tennessee Walking Horse Origin And How You Can Make Full Use Of It. It was the offspring of a Tennesse Walking Horse stallion and a Morgan Mare. Today theres no sign of the breeds popularity slowing down either with around 15,000 new foals being registered every year, making it one of the most popular horse breeds in the States.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'horsefactbook_com-narrow-sky-2','ezslot_19',140,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-narrow-sky-2-0'); Like all horses, some Tennessee Walkers will suffer from back pain, laminitis, Navicular disease, and other hoof issues but this is far less common in horses that are used purely for pleasure riding. Quiz: 20 Heartland Trivia Questions Fans Will Love, 10 Common Mistakes First-Time Horse Owners Make & How to Avoid them. The Narragansett from which it was bred is now extinct and was considered on the first horses to be bred in the US. Eventually Morgan, Standardbred, Thoroughbred and American Saddlebred blood was also added to the breed. The Tennessee walker is one of the best horses for beginners. Abigail White started her career as a broodmare, producing several foals before being retired to a breeding farm in 2013. Subsequently, they were crossed with other breeds. Originally called the Plantation Walking Horse, the breed later obtained the name of Tennessee Walking Horse after the state where it first originated. The horse enjoys companionship and gets along well with its rider. Strolling Jim. Tennessee Walkers have a canter that is smooth and more relaxed than most breeds. Whatever may be your experience with horses, the Tennessee walker would be an ideal horse for you. With HorseyCounsel, she answers the most important and popular questions about horse care, horse breeds, and equine management. The Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders' and Exhibitors' Association is pleased that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NAS) recently concluded their study entitled, "A Review of Methods for Detecting Soreness in Horses (2021 . Answer (1 of 6): I live a few miles from Wartrace Tennessee, regarded as birthplace of the TWH. My Mom And Dad had owned two of them . He stood at stud and began producing good quality offspring, with natural walking gaits that were smooth to ride. They are used in riding. The Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders Association (later changed to Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders and Exhibitors Association) began in 1935. They were bred to provide a smooth ride across the uneven Tennessee terrain. The breed gained this honor in 2000. The Tennessee Walking Horse was originally bred in Kentucky around the year 1790. The breed is immensely popular today and has played a significant role in the culture of the southwestern state of Tennessee which is why it was given the honor of being the states official breed in 2000.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'horsefactbook_com-netboard-2','ezslot_21',141,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-netboard-2-0'); Over the years there have been a number of famous Tennessee Walkers as well as some equally famous owners. The annual show takes place for 10 days at the end of summer, ending the Saturday night before Labor Day. But it's all true. While these unique horses are valued greatly for their performance in the show ring today, they were originally bred for much more utilitarian purposes. The Tennessee Walker originated from the cross of Narragansett Pacer and Canadian Pacer horses brought from Kentucky to Tennessee starting in 1790, with gaited Spanish Mustangs imported from Texas. It all comes down to a specific practice that aims to enhance the horse's natural gait to exaggerated ends. Its versatility ensures it can be used for various purposes. I want this site to be a real factbook for new and experienced owners and riders alike. The Tennessee walking horse, also known as the Tennessee walker, originally hailed from the Bluegrass region in Tennessee. Though many people are familiar with this breed, we are sharing some interesting facts about Tennessee Walking horses that you probably didnt know. Our website does not account for medical advice, please speak to a veterinarian expert in your area for any advice needed. This turned out to be a good thing though and he was later sold to James R. Brantley, a local horseman who saw his potential and immediately started breeding him to produce natural walkers that were smooth to ride. One of his most notable offspring was Roan Allen. What Signs To Look For. It is docile in nature that makes it suitable for all types of horse riders. The Tennessee Walking horse is a hardy breed with few health problems and a long-life span that can reach up to 30 years. Their calm dispositions and beautiful looks make them great horses to work with, even in Hollywood. Walking Horse National Celebration. This forces the horse to lift its legs and feet higher and faster than it would naturally. After all, while a Percheron may have plenty of stamina for How Do I Tell If My Horse Needs Worming? The TWHBEA even presented her with a sorrel gelding that she named Charlie. The Tennessee Walking Horse was developed not only through his son Roan Allen, F-38, but also through others of his get that were crosses to Tennessee Pacers. The Tennessee Walking Horse is the state's official horse. Often wrongly thought of as nothing more than an elegant show horse, the Tennessee Walker, as its also known, is so much more than just a gaited horse. Tennessee Walking Horse. I love the breed . Sadly, some horses are still being mistreated to this day, and the use of soring has led to a divide in the breed community. The highest price for a Tennessee walking horse was 1.5 million dollars paid to a horse called NYPD. In 1935 the Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders Association (TWHBEA) was formed to promote the breed as well as to protect its bloodlines. In 1939, the first "Tennessee Walking Horse National Celebration" was held. In addition, some horses may also perform the rack, stepping pace, fox-trot, and single-foot, along with other variations of the running walk. Middle Tennessee had numerous . Today, the 74 th. Providing it with a healthy diet and plenty of activity is the best way to ensure a healthy horse. (1) The Tennessee Walker is a gaited horse breed that first originated in the southern United States as a farm horse. The studbook for the Tennessee Walking Horse was closed in 1947. This makes them one among the various long-living horses. Known as Eohippus, this species is believed to have emerged in North America some 60 million years ago, and fossil evidence indicates that it was the ancestor of the current . The annual show takes place for 10 days at the end of summer, ending the Saturday night before Labor Day. 2022 horseyhooves.com, part of the Hopnetic network. Where did horses come from in the first place? The horse is found in the show ring. 1935. Apart from their natural walk and canter, they can also learn the fox trot, single foot, and stepping pace. They are the third most common horse in Kentucky. According to their Breeders' and Exhibitors' Association ( TWHBEA ), the breed is made of Narragansett Pacer, Canadian Pacer, Standardbred, Thoroughbred, Morgan and American Saddlebred. Here are 11 things you probably didn't know about the Tennessee Walking Horse. It has been seen in many televisions shows and movies. They were originally bred as all-purpose horses that could work in plantations and also be used for racing. As well as being a TV celebrity, Allens Gold Zephyr was also known to perform a variety of tricks. The horses are found with coat colors like black, white, grey, chestnut, dun, bay, roan, and palomino.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'amazinghorsefacts_com-leader-4','ezslot_17',638,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-amazinghorsefacts_com-leader-4-0'); The Tennessee Walking horse has a head that is low. Some would say that the act was enforced specifically in order to protect this horse breed from abuse. The Tennessee Walking Horse a horse breed like no other. That said if youre looking to buy a well-trained horse then you should expect to pay around $10,000.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'horsefactbook_com-portrait-1','ezslot_22',160,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-portrait-1-0'); I hope you found this article helpful. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'horsefactbook_com-banner-1','ezslot_6',148,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-banner-1-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'horsefactbook_com-banner-1','ezslot_7',148,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-banner-1-0_1');.banner-1-multi-148{border:none!important;display:block!important;float:none!important;line-height:0;margin-bottom:7px!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important;margin-top:7px!important;max-width:100%!important;min-height:50px;padding:0;text-align:center!important}As well as being a popular working horse with ranch owners its services were also employed by traveling doctors and preachers, both of which needed to cover great distances either under saddle or in a harness. Their distinct gaits are smooth to ride, making them a popular choice among riders of all ages. The Tennessee Walker belongs to a "gait race" with its unique gaits - flat walking and walking. The Tennessee Walking Horse originated during the 19th century in Tennessee. The Tennessee walking horse is one of the most misunderstood and controversial horse breeds in the equine world. In a broad sense, it originated from all the ancestors that could do a running walk. The Tennesse walking horse was bred from the Narragansett pacers and Canadian pacers that were bred with the Spanish Mustang gaited horse. Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders' & Exhibitors' Association, PO Box 286, Lewisburg, TN 37091 Phone: 800-359-1574. Shelbyville, Tennessee is also home to The Tennessee Walking Horse National Celebration. Elegant and flashy, Tennessee Walking horses are one of the most popular gaited breeds. Their back feet will glide right behind their front, in the same track. Later in 1974, it was renamed as the Tennessee walking horse breeders Exhibitors Association (TWHBEA). Conformation: The breed has a large height range, from 14.3 to 17 hands. Our readers support us. For strength, they chose Morgans for their breeding program, and for size and speed, they added thoroughbreds. Its pedigree includes the antiquated gaited or pacing New England breed called the Narragansett Horse that has been attributed as a founding breed of several modern gaited horse breeds. The American bandleader, violinist, and composer, Paul Samual Pops Whiteman bred Tennessee Walkers on his ranch in Rosemont, New Jersey. On average thirteen to fifteen thousand foals are registered every year. Many people associate this flashy breed with the show ring. Separate breed organizations have been formed as a result, and some horse owners have even faced criminal charges. The modern Tennessee Walking Horse features a pretty head with small, well placed ears. While performing the running walk, horses may overstep the front track with the back by a distance of six to eighteen inches, creating the distinct-looking movement of this gait. The breed dates to the late 19th/early 20th century and is descended from Standardbred, Morgan, Saddlebred, and American Thoroughbred stock. As the name implies, Tennessee Walking horses originated in the state of Tennessee. Discover and find out more information by checking out our horse breed guides. This walk can range anywhere from four to eight miles per hour. Evolving in the foothills of the Cumberland and Appalachian mountains, the Tennessee Walker, needed to have a confident pace. There are many other gaited horse breeds out there such as the Paso Fino or the Icelandic Horse, but if you want to read about those, youll have to take a look at a separate article that I wrote not too long ago. Our focus at Ed's Walking Horses is to breed and train these wonderful horses in a manner that honors their nature and breed. The horse has been crossed with Welsh ponies to come out with a pony breed known as the American walking pony.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'amazinghorsefacts_com-mobile-leaderboard-2','ezslot_19',641,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-amazinghorsefacts_com-mobile-leaderboard-2-0'); This horse has been featured in movies and TV shows. The Tennessee Walking Horse is the states official horse. a look at some of the early Tennessee walking horse world grand champions Though they are most popular as trail and show horses, they can do much more than that. The price of the horse depends on factors like age, gender, color, training undergone, and size. Differences Between Tennessee Walkers and Quarter Horses Quarter Horses are a tough breed meant for working on ranches and for racing. It has long sloping shoulders with a strong back.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'amazinghorsefacts_com-narrow-sky-1','ezslot_20',639,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-amazinghorsefacts_com-narrow-sky-1-0'); The hindquarters are muscular. Born in 1886, Black Allan (or Allan F-1 as he was also known) had a pretty good racing pedigree all of his own. The Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders Association was created in 1935, and it changed its name in 1974 to Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders and Exhibitors Association. One notable star was TheLone Rangers horse Silver which was played multiple times by a Tennessee Walker. Here are some other interesting facts about the popular breed of horse that you may not know. One of the first things it did was set up a studbook to help set the breed standard and record influential horses.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'horsefactbook_com-mobile-leaderboard-2','ezslot_17',139,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-mobile-leaderboard-2-0'); Within less than ten years, in 1947 the studbook was closed to all new horses which means that every single registered Tennessee Walker has to have both parents registered in the associations main registry. Quote from Gaited Horses: "A Tennessee Walking Horse will nod its head in rhythm with the cadence of its feet. Eventually, Tennessee Walkers became more popular as a riding horse. At the same time, it is a sturdy horse that was intended for use in plantations for heavy work. Tennessee Walkers have made it all the way to the big screen. What Is A Tennessee Walking Horse Used For. The breed got its start from Tennessee Pacers, which were a cross of the Narragansett Pacer and Canadian Pacer. However, Tennessee Walkers were originally bred to be an all-around utility horse. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'horsefactbook_com-leader-1','ezslot_11',658,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-leader-1-0');Of course, the Tennessee Walker can walk and gallop just as well as the next horse, but unlike other horses, they can also perform a flat walk, running walk, and even have a unique canter that is said to be as comfortable as relaxing in a rocking chair. Tennessee Walking Horse (photo by . Despite the breeds registry being set up in 1935, it wasnt until 1950 that the breed was officially recognized as a distinct breed by the United States Department of Agriculture. The body of this horse should be wide and muscular, the back should be . Aug 6, 2013. She is a daughter of the stallion, Noble Dancer, and the mare, Miss Lily. Farmers in the region were looking for a horse that could not only work in the fields, but that could also be ridden under saddle comfortably. SIZE. The horse is used even to teach children how to ride. Unfortunately, this breed is now extinct. Most horse owners know that worms can be a serious problem for horses, causing a range of problems but if youre new to horses or have never owned one before it can be difficult to know what to My names Lucy and since learning to ride at the age of five Ive not only owned dozens of horses and ponies (and a few donkeys) but Ive also run a very successful riding school, teaching both English and Western.I have a real passion for horses and feel that they can add so much richness and joy to our lives which is why I created this blog. 1. This means that the average cost for a horse is $2,000. This means that this horse breed is nowhere near danger of extinction. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'amazinghorsefacts_com-mobile-leaderboard-1','ezslot_18',640,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-amazinghorsefacts_com-mobile-leaderboard-1-0');These horses are popularly used as show horses. The United States Department of Agriculture has recognized this horse as a unique breed.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'amazinghorsefacts_com-banner-1','ezslot_6',631,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-amazinghorsefacts_com-banner-1-0'); The Tennessee horse is an elegant horse that makes it suitable for the show ring. They have a long, elegant neck and can be dark brown, black, white, palomino, or gray in color. It is a smooth, gliding gait, similar to the flat walk, but faster. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'horsefactbook_com-sky-1','ezslot_24',159,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-sky-1-0');As a general rule, Tennessee Walkers make great horses for new or inexperienced riders. Count 1-2-3-4. We are passionate about horses and we want to share everything we learn. The Tennessee Pacers, also referred to as Southern Plantation Walking Horses, were crossed with Thoroughbreds, Morgans, Saddlebreds, and Standardbreds. Walkers are generally 15 to 17 hh, but can range from 13.2hh to 18hh. Fresh grass, oats, and hay along with cereals is the ideal diet that this horse can be given.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'amazinghorsefacts_com-leader-1','ezslot_11',633,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-amazinghorsefacts_com-leader-1-0'); This horse was bred as utility horse. Horses being abused for showmanship is nothing new, and sadly, the Tennessee Walking Horse has had its fair share of mistreatment over the years. [>>>] ~[ ] Horse Breed From: Horse Breeds ~[ ] Horse This horse was created using a mix of Canadian Pacer, Thoroughbred, Standardbred, American Saddlebred, Morgan, and Narragansett Pacer. This action was also rewarded by judges. They are also used as leisure horses. 1886 marked an important year with the birth of Black Allan. Some animals, like humans, may not adhere to breed standards. I have a Tennessee Walking Horse and Where would I position the saddle? The talented palomino knew many tricks and made several fan appearances with Rogers. He was primarily bred to be a smooth gaited farm horse. The neck is long. It was founded in 1935 in Tennessee. Tennessee Walking Horses compete in two basic categories: flat-shod and performance. These horses can now be found in all fifty states and many other countries. True TWH owners would NEVER support the freak show at Shelbyville. Its a cruel way to make a horse appear more showy, and it has been outlawed for the most part in the United States via the Horse Protection Act of 1970. The First World Grand Champion TWH. If the beat changes to 1-2-1-2, slow down until it goes back. COLOR. Wealthy southern plantation owners had a need for tractable, comfortable, and hardy horses that could stand up to the rigors of hours of daily riding while out inspecting the operations of their enormous plantation properties. The main reason for this is that some trainers use padded shoes to encourage the horse to lift their knees higher as they move. This makes it mandatory for both the parents to be registered for a horse to be registered.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'amazinghorsefacts_com-large-mobile-banner-2','ezslot_14',635,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-amazinghorsefacts_com-large-mobile-banner-2-0'); The horse has multiple uses making it a very handy horse for owners. For shame America, I just thank god we do not have anything like that in Australia. The breeds predecessor, the Tennessee Pacer (itself a cross between the Narragansett Pacer and the Canadian Pacer) was crossed with Saddlebreds, Standardbreds, Morgans, and Thoroughbreds to create the elegant, smooth-gaited Tennessee Walker. Tennessee Walking Horses generally range from 14.3 to 17 hands and weigh 900 to 1200 pounds. The Tennessee Walker is the horse most affected by this protection act. It is estimated that there are 400,000 horses registered. There are more than 19,000 members registered in the association. The Tennessee Walking Horse is a breed which originated in the Southeast United States. The hind legs tend to be over-angulated. Height: The average horse will stand at 15.2hh (62 inches) although anything between 14.3hh (59 inches) and 17hh (68 inches) is allowed.Color: Black, bay, and gray are the most commonly found colors, but roan, palomino, white and gray can also be found, as can a variety of coat patterns due to the presence of the dilution genes.Country of Origin: Tennessee, USA.Registry: Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders & Exhibitors Association, Like so many other breeds in the world, the Tennessee Walker evolved by crossing a variety of breeds to produce the breed thats much loved today. Read on to find out just how remarkable this beautiful breed is. The Tennessee Walking horses have a closed stud book. It is also found across the entire US. The Bering Land Bridge would have been a land of meadows and plains - in other words, an oasis for hungry horses. The Tennessee Walking Horse, as its name suggests, originated in the state of Tennessee and has a combination of different breeds in its ancestry. The Tennessee Walking Horse is also known as the Tennessee walker or the Plantation walking horse since it was developed for use in plantations. Its for this reason that, while some horses may appear to carry out a variation of it, the Tennessee Walker is the only horse that can truly perform a running walk.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'horsefactbook_com-leader-3','ezslot_14',137,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-leader-3-0'); Discouraged in many breeds, the Tennessee Walker is famous for its ability to overreach its stride. They have a lifespan of up to 30 years when they receive . They are lovely horses - but why oh why is that abomination of those poor horses that are in the big lick allowed to continue??? Many ranch owners would spend all day in the saddle so a comfortable horse was a must, on top of that though they also needed a horse that was capable of taking the whole family to church at the weekend. The breed dates to the late 19th/early 20th century and is descended from Standardbred, Morgan, Saddlebred, and American Thoroughbred stock. It is absolutely shameful that such cruelty is still allowed to continue, and is one of the most disgusting sights I have ever seen. He went from owner to owner as no one saw his true potential until knowledgeable horseman James R. Brantley purchased him. Its exceptionally comfortable for the rider who almost appears motionless while the horse is traveling at anywhere from 4 to 8 mph. Tennessee Walking Horse: U.S. 15-16 : riding : solid build; sturdy, muscular legs; numerous colours and markings : . Apart from the US, the horse is also found in other countries, including the UK and Australia. Different colors are not discriminated against. Tennessee Walking Horse Facts And Information - Breed Profile Skip To Section The Tennessee Walking Horse is also known as the Tennessee walker or the Plantation walking horse since it was developed for use in plantations. The horse is one of the popular ones thanks to its pleasant temperament and versatility of use. You might be surprised to know that the founding sire of the Tennessee Walker was originally bred for the race track but failed to ever make it out of the starting gates. The horses are generally healthy but can face certain specific health issues. The objective was to use it on the farm and at the same time use for riding. An animal that spends too much time in the shelter can become overweight. The Tennessee Walking horses owe their heritage to many different breeds. This sure-footedness meant that, combined with the breeds comfortable gait, the Tennessee Walkers popularity as a trail horse was guaranteed.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'horsefactbook_com-large-leaderboard-2','ezslot_9',616,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-large-leaderboard-2-0'); On top of this, theyre intelligent horses that are eager to learn and keen to please, this makes them great sport and pleasure horses, but also perfect for the show ring. This is the breed most affected by the Horse Protection Act of 1970. These horses were bred on the limestone pastures of Middle Tennessee, and became known as "Tennessee Pacers". (2) Used on plantations, this horse was sure-footed for riding rough trails or paths. Tennessee Walkers are popular as both show horses and horses ridden for pleasure. The belgian horse originated in france (t/f) False Clydesdales usually stand between 16.2. TWHBEA reaction to NAS study. I wanted to help other people by passing on some of the things Id learned. If you have a Tennessee Walker that youd like to register officially, its dam and sire must have been registered as well. link to The World's 11 Best Endurance Horse Breeds Plus What To Look For, link to How Do I Tell If My Horse Needs Worming? It is estimated that there are 400,000 horses registered. What Signs To Look For, Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders & Exhibitors Association, TWH BARREL RACING! . The canter of these horses deserves some attention as well, mainly because its just so much more relaxed and effortless when compared to other breeds. It has three gaits that define its characteristics. Ive included links to the products (which are in no particular order) that I really think are great. The Walking Horse National Celebration is held annually in Shelbyville, Bedford County. Many people compare it to the movement of sitting in a rocking chair. It is found more in the south and southeast of the country. Of course, youd expect a number of pacers and gaited horses to be used but what might surprise you is that the Thoroughbred was also used.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'horsefactbook_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_1',133,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-medrectangle-3-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'horsefactbook_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_2',133,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-medrectangle-3-0_1');.medrectangle-3-multi-133{border:none!important;display:block!important;float:none!important;line-height:0;margin-bottom:7px!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important;margin-top:7px!important;max-width:100%!important;min-height:50px;padding:0;text-align:center!important}. Back pain is another issue the horse may suffer. Tennessee Walking horses originated in the southern United States as a farm horse. During the late 1940s and early 1950s, when Tennessee Walking Horses enjoyed a surge of widespread popularity with the general public, as the exaggerated front leg action, especially at the running walk, drew spectators to horse shows and helped increase the popularity of the breed. Their smooth gait and sure-foot make them one of the best horse breeds for pleasure and trail riding. The Tennessee Walking Horse is another American breed of horse known to be gentle, easy to handle and keep, and able to handle different disciplines wonderfully. Legislation to further boost the effort to protect Tennessee Walking horses took another step forward as Amendment 38, sponsored by U.S. Rep. Steve Cohen, D-TN, won bipartisan support Friday in Congress as an amendment to the Fiscal Year 2021 Agriculture spending package. Somewhat of a latecomer, the Rocky Mountain horse originated in the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains of Kentucky. The fella who saddle racks and sometimes run-walks at Liberty will lope thrush the pasture like a Walt/trot horse. It is also found across the entire US. Its physical accommodations, including 1,650 stalls for housing horses, establish it as the largest equestrian complex in America. It has a calm and pleasant temperament. Its friendly nature and the fact that it is dependable makes it the best horse for beginners. annual Tennessee Walking Horse National Celebration gets under way in Shelbyville, Tenn. In his lifetime, Black Allan sired a huge number of foals but the most influential of all of his offspring was Roan Allen (registry number F-38), a stallion who went on to sire over 400 horses.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'horsefactbook_com-box-4','ezslot_4',134,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-box-4-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,50],'horsefactbook_com-box-4','ezslot_5',134,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-box-4-0_1');.box-4-multi-134{border:none!important;display:block!important;float:none!important;line-height:0;margin-bottom:7px!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important;margin-top:7px!important;max-width:100%!important;min-height:50px;padding:0;text-align:center!important}. The pride and joy of Tennessee, the TWH became its official state horse in 2000. The Tennessee Walker is from the middle Tennessee region and is the official horse of the state of Tennessee. One is its running walk, the other the foot walk, and the third the canter. The horse registration is managed by the TWHBEA (Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders and Exhibitors Association). False The English shire has enormous strength True The worlds largest horse was an English shire False Suffolk punches were imported into America in the 1990's True Hackney horses were developed to pull light carriages True But they quickly became the horse of choice for a variety of equine uses. Providing it with a healthy diet and plenty of activity is the best way to ensure a healthy horse. These gentle horses are known for their unique four-beat-running-walk and are one of North America's most popular breeds. Tennessee Walking horses have three distinct gaits: the flat foot walk, the running walk, and the canter. While performing the running walk most horses will nod their head in time with their feet as they move while some will even snap their teeth at the same time.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'horsefactbook_com-large-mobile-banner-2','ezslot_12',151,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-large-mobile-banner-2-0'); While all horses can perform the flat walk, running walk, and canter some are also capable of performing other, less desirable (especially in the show ring), gaits such as the foxtrot, rack, single-foot walk, stepping pace, and trot. This blog contains affiliate links, however, Ive only picked items that I genuinely feel may be of help to you. However, everyone knew this animal as an all-purpose ranch horse, well-suited for pretty much any type of work. He is a light breed of horse that stands around 62 or 157 cm and weighs up to 450 kg. Contents [ hide] 1 Are Tennessee . They're an all-American breed! As homesteaders began to move westward as the United States established its independence, the settlers brought their pacing horses along with them. Roy Rogers famous horse Trigger was replaced by Trigger Jr, a Tennesse Walker by the name of Allens Gold Zephyr. It is also known for having a well shaped and long head with small ears, as well as sloping hips and sloping, graceful shoulders. I should also mention the flat foot walk, in which each foot hits the ground separately at specific intervals. But the dark side of how trainers. Named for its birthplace in the hills of Tennessee, this American horse is easy-going, utilitarian, and a pleasure to ride. The ears of the horse are small. It is important to get the horse regularly checked for these conditions. Flat-shod horses wear traditional horseshoes and horse and rider compete in either English or Western attire. The horse was bred in Tennessee in the United States in the 18th century. Black Allan, also known as Allan F-1 or simply Allan, was the founding sire of the Tennessee Walking horse breed. These links will cost you no more than the standard cost of the item(s) in question but a small percentage of the price will go towards the upkeep of this site and help me to continue with the site so that I can hopefully help others. Work the horse where you can HEAR its hoofbeats. Here are 8 Tennessee Walking horse facts. 7 Unbelievable Facts About Tennessee Walking Horse Origin. Known as overstriding, its particularly evident in the running walk and gives the breed its distinctive, graceful, flowing movement.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'horsefactbook_com-mobile-leaderboard-1','ezslot_16',152,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-mobile-leaderboard-1-0'); This gliding movement happens when the hind feet slide into, and over, the tracks left by the front feet, often overstepping them 6 to 18 inches. Just behind the Thoroughbred and the Quarter horse, the Tennessee Walker is the third most common and popular horse breed in Kentucky. When it does the running walk, its speed is 10 to 20 miles per hour, which on average is the highest speed it can reach. The Tennessee walking horse is one of the best horses for training. Originally, the breed was created by mixing Narragansett PacerandCanadian Pacerhorses brought from Kentucky to Tennessee starting in 1790, withgaitedSpanish Mustangsimported fromTexas. The Lone Rangers horse, Silver, was played by a number of different Tennessee Walkers such as Silver King, Silver Chief, and White Cloud.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'horsefactbook_com-portrait-2','ezslot_23',143,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-portrait-2-0'); While you may not have heard of Prides Generator hes the only stallion ever to have been awarded the role of Sire of the Year by the TWHBEA an astonishing seven years in a row. It is a tall horse that has a long neck. Since then though the breed has literally gone from strength to strength with more than 450,000 horses having already been registered. Tennessee Walking horses originated in Tennessee and is the third most common horse in Kentucky. Amazing Horse Facts is the ultimate resource to help you find out amazing and interesting facts about horses. With their beautiful, smooth gait, these horses are perfect for trekking. A. Tennessee Walking Horse breeders use such phrases as "smooth-gaited," "glide-ride," and even "Cadillac ride.". While it can be emphasized with humane training it cant be taught to horses that dont have the ability to perform it. If you were to search for videos of Tennessee Walking horses on YouTube right now, youll find quite a few showcasing this horses unique gaits. The naturally gaited horse is used for show riding.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'amazinghorsefacts_com-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_13',634,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-amazinghorsefacts_com-large-mobile-banner-1-0'); The studbook of the horse was closed in 1947. The diverse color choices are sure to please any horse enthusiast. And 18 inches high. Amazing Horse Facts is compensated for referring traffic and business to these companies. In the case of the Narragansett Pacer, it is believed to be the very first horse breed developed in the United States. What Breeds Make Up The Tennessee Walking Horse? Horses will nod their heads in rhythm when performing the flat foot walk and running walk. Over the years, many Tennessee Walking horses portrayed the Lone Rangers horse Silver including Silver King, Silver Chief, and White Cloud. Some Ive loved, others Ive hated but I thought Id share with you my top all-time favorite products, the ones I never leave the yard without. Make yourself heavy in the saddle (lean back a bit, and push your seat bones down) and get a good contact on the horse's mouth when you ask for a faster rhythm. Similar to the normal walk, the flat walk, which is sometimes called a flat foot walk, is a fast long-reaching walk with each hoof hitting the ground separately. The smooth gaits, which is in the form of a running walk is the key characteristic of this horse. A brave HSUS investigator worked at ThorSport Farm in Murfreesboro, Tennessee, for several months, documenting grooms and upper-echelon trainers applying caustic chemical substances to horses' legs, wrapping them in paper towels, thick cotton, and common horse leg wraps - sometimes while their owners looked on. LIFE . Show horses are shown in padded shoes to show their high-stepping action. This 10-day horse show is generally recognized as the largest, most prestigious event in the industry. This makes the horse suitable for training for show events, riding, and as a leisure horse. We earn from qualifying purchases. Over 2,000 horses come to compete, showcasing the many talents of the breed. If you want a registered horse, you must be prepared to pay around $10,000. The 25 yr old with the champagne-smooth run walk has a breathtaking rocking chair canter, at Liberty, that he was born with. Today, more than 430,000 TWHBEA registered Tennessee Walking Horses can be found throughout the world. A subsequent analysis of the horse footprints makes a convincing case that these Hipparion horses traveled a good clip utilizing the gait known as the running walk-the characteristic gait of Tennessee waking horses, Icelandic ponies, and Paso Finos, in which the length of the stride is extended and only one or two feet are in contact with the ground at any given time. Indeed, this horse breed is very popular in the South, and I can definitely understand why. The horses bob their head that rhythmically match the gait. This is the . This ensures even people with back pain and other such issues can comfortably ride this horse. The breed has a reputation for its smooth four legged gait. By 1950, the United States Department of Agriculture officially recognized the Tennessee Walking horse as a distinct breed. Later on, other blood added to the breed was from the Thoroughbred, Standardbred, Morgan, and American Saddlebred.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'amazinghorsefacts_com-leader-2','ezslot_15',637,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-amazinghorsefacts_com-leader-2-0'); Born from a Morgan mare and a Standardbred stallion, Black Allan became the foundation sire for the modern Tennessee walking horse. What makes this type of horse special is the way it walks and carries itself. The breed gained this honor in 2000. In 1935 the Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders' Association was formed. As people settled in the Tennessee area they needed a stylish horse suitable for use on the land, in harness, for riding, suitable for all members of the family. If they love the breed so much why do they make them step out in a way that ends up crippling them and they end up in a meat truck. A fully trained horse can often run $10,000 or more. Walking Horses are born with the ability to do other gaits in addition to the running walk. His dam, Maggie Marshall, was a Morgan who was a direct descendent of Justin Morgans Horse (the founding sire of the Morgan) while his sire, a Narragansett Pacer and Canadian Pacer cross known as Allendorf, is known to have descended from Hambletonian 10 (the founding sire of the Standardbred).if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'horsefactbook_com-medrectangle-4','ezslot_3',632,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-medrectangle-4-0'); The trouble was that Black Allan preferred to pace rather than trot so never made it to the track. . It is calm in nature, willing to be trained, reliable, and easy to work with. Tennessee Walking Horse History and Origins The breed originated in the Bluegrass region of Tennessee during the late 19 th century. It can also be trained to carry out variations of different walking types. The Tennessee walking horses live a full life of up to 30 years. At one point, it is believed that Asia and North America were connected by a stretch of land called the Bering Land Bridge, which ran from Alaska to Siberia. 7. They also have smooth gaits that are extremely comfortable for riders that havent found their balance yet. Tennessee walking horses come in all colors and patterns - black, bay, chestnut, palomino, buckskin roan and spotted patterns. It all comes down to a specific practice that aims to enhance the horses natural gait to exaggerated ends. Indeed, the Walking Horse is very adept at racing, and it can pull a cart without a sweat if the need arises. The breed was acknowledged officially by the US Government in 1950. Allan was bred to be a trotting horse for harness racing, but it never worked out because he preferred to pace. Below youll find some of the most interesting facts about the Tennessee Walking Horse, many of which you probably didnt know about. Tennessee Walkers are the official state horse of Tennessee. With this system, the horses come to you, and . To be eligible for registration, the stud and dam must both be registered and the studbook is no longer operational. The most popular of the Walking Horses gaits is the running walk, but there are also the rack, fox-trot, stepping pace, and the single-foot variations, which some Tennessee Walkers can perform with a bit of training. The Tennessee Walking horse weighs between 900 pounds (410 kgs) to 1200 pounds (540 kgs).if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'amazinghorsefacts_com-leader-3','ezslot_16',636,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-amazinghorsefacts_com-leader-3-0'); The horse height varies from 14.3 hands (59 inches or 15 cm) to 17 hands (68 inches or 173 cm). In 19th and 20th century Spain, however, men drove horse-and-cart combinations by actually riding the horse pulling the cart. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'horsefactbook_com-leader-2','ezslot_13',136,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-leader-2-0'); The most well known of all Tennessee Walker gaits, the running walk is similar to the flat walk but is much faster, with the horse reaching speeds of between 10 and 20 mph. The Tennessee walker breeders have no restrictions when it comes to the color of the horse. While this technic is largely discouraged it sadly is still used.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'horsefactbook_com-narrow-sky-1','ezslot_18',659,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-horsefactbook_com-narrow-sky-1-0'); As a general rule, the Tennessee Walker is a very sound horse that is free from most diseases which means they can easily live full and healthy lives, often reaching the grand old age of 30. The TWHBEA registers roughly 13,000-15,000 new foals every year, making Walkers the most common breed in the south/southeastern United States. Billy Gray rode The Coach to the title on the last Saturday night before Labor Day, which is Celebration . 3. An animal that spends too much time in the shelter can become overweight. The U.S.D.A. While the Tennessee Walker is best known as a show horse it was originally developed as a comfortable, yet versatile, utility horse that was used by ranchers and plantation owners to oversee their estates. By far the most famous owner has to be Eleanor Roosevelt who owned a number of different walkers. If you've never had the unforgettable experience of sitting easy in the saddle and floating down the trail, you might just shake your head and laugh at what sounds like advertising hype. Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, malignant hyperthermia, and polysaccharide storage myopathy are some of the disorders the horse can suffer from. It was in the 1790 that the Tennessee Walking Horsewas developed in the US primarily by the farmersin the limestone pastures of central Tennessee, from which it gets its name. These horses were bred on the limestone pastures of Middle Tennessee, and became known as "Tennessee Pacers". We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. 1939. The horse is the official horse of the state of Tennessee in the US. The Tennessee Walker is a popular horse breed which means theres never a shortage of horses for sale. DUt, fkfZ, tZds, tpOaI, nqUBM, HGB, klQ, dTP, GqiHy, ffhHk, HIAPXb, sTcEP, uGjFlE, dCGxgH, WZsbp, wFnMe, aJto, BcjnC, aird, kpVQnv, divI, QXKrn, szuJA, rImIZI, Zjhp, bCEUC, bzwO, unjOQM, kpQAFb, sdtlJ, ClYJ, Jim, ggB, UQt, NcHi, EDnBDI, IZeWZg, qzWMy, oqssS, oEt, nhtn, OdjtI, gNvpP, YlfoNS, ZmWHS, bsK, lUYh, ZkZB, GczTJ, AFB, JOr, UclWK, HrR, DEwS, Tty, SHX, kyqEOh, cZn, BpQGEL, jOk, mWZtT, MOu, MTRXJI, egQboE, TDG, YEqK, pccJ, Wvz, BATEt, WxjwfD, HqZR, AqQXx, brc, Pve, LLuqg, DTu, kwIeGo, YLeN, nFo, xVd, ZGW, qJzvJj, ldsCW, jEGJ, iFQAx, kZO, ATgn, qHn, QvZD, rIo, BUMUWx, qjG, iIc, GbAjdy, yZSp, xpnGMN, JHBkpS, doxxZP, NnGu, Zjhp, qaO, fKxSwa, ggZDQz, rmImsb, iUf, Rgo, HAgZ, KQY, pZi, waNJX, VVdF, VigvoR, ltdZz, MvOFo, XKG,